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August 28, 2026

Sustainability and Tailored Performance Can Be a Reality, A Review of Bioderived and Bio-Produced Surfactants

Publications
Household & Industrial
Oil & Gas
Personal Care

A trend towards biorenewability and sustainability has incentivized the increased commercialization of natural classes of surfactants; bioderived (e.g., alkyl polyglucosides) and bio-produced (e.g., sophorolipids and rhamnolipids). Bio-based surfactants also offer the formulator marketing advantages around renewable carbon or bio-based formula content and less reliance on petroleum-based ingredients. They demonstrate favorable safety profiles including low skin irritation, as well as negative sensitization, and genotoxicity results. Sophorolipids and rhamnolipids are capable of significant surface activity and antimicrobial properties. However, there are also limitations involved when dealing with bio-produced surfactants including an inefficient manufacturing process, high-priced material, and lack of application flexibility. In contrast, alkyl polyglucosides, are versatile and can be further functionalized synthetically allowing the chemistry to be geared towards specific applications. Additionally, functionalized alkyl polyglucosides can also be altered to different ionic classes of surfactants such as anionic, amphoteric or cationic. This allows them to compete with petroleum-based surfactants in many industries in terms of performance while enhancing sustainability. This article explores bio-based surfactants, their advantages and limitations.

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Cited:

Lucas R. Moore, Barae Jomaa, Garret Bryant, Zechariah Avello

Sustainability and Tailored Performance Can Be a Reality, A Review of Bioderived and Bio-Produced Surfactants. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents (2026)

https://doi.org/10.1002/jsde.70093

July 28, 2026

Evaluation of N2 and CO2 Foams Generated by a Novel Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant Formula

Publications
Oil & Gas

Foam-based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) continues to gain attention as an effective technique for mobility control and sweep improvement in heterogeneous and high-permeability reservoirs. However, foam performance is strongly influenced by water chemistry, gas composition, and surfactant selection, particularly in high-salinity environments where foam destabilization commonly limits field applicability. This study evaluates the foaming behavior, stability, and viscosity of two distinct surfactant systems. This evaluation was carried out in deionized (DI) water and brine, using both nitrogen and carbon dioxide as the gas. The study provides a systematic comparison of the two surfactant formulations and identifies the conditions under which each system is most effective. The findings suggest that AOS (alpha olefin sulfonate) system yielded significant foam degradation in the high brine water, while the Mod APG (alkyl polyglucoside) formulation maintains a robust and improved foam under such conditions. This work offers practical insights for selecting foaming agents capable of generating stable, high-strength foams in reservoirs containing high-salinity formation waters.

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Cited:

Lucas R. Moore, Clint Stoddard, Gavin Erickson

Evaluation of N2 and CO2 Foams Generated by a Novel Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant Formula. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents (2026)

https://aocs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jsde.70080

April 14, 2026

A Novel Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant Engineered for Enhanced Foam Stability and Reduction in Interfacial Tension Across Diverse Water Chemistries

Oil & Gas
Publications

The effectiveness and efficiency of oil and gas extraction are heavily influenced by the surfactants employed. These chemical agents play a crucial role in boosting productivity by lowering the interfacial tension, enhancing fluid recovery, modifying the wettability of the formation, and minimizing flow resistance. Surfactants can also generate/stabilize foam in those applications where foam is desired, such as water-sensitive formations. However, water quality varies significantly from site to site, presenting challenges in consistent surfactant performance. This study demonstrates how water chemistry impacts foam properties and interfacial tension using three surfactants: a modified alkyl polyglucoside (Mod APG), sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), and sodium sulfosuccinamate. Among these, the Mod APG has demonstrated strong foaming capabilities, significant reductions in IFT, and high tolerance to diverse water conditions, including salt water and hard water environments.

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Cited:

Lucas R. Moore, Gavin Erickson

A Novel Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant Engineered for Enhanced Foam Stability and Reduction in Interfacial Tension Across Diverse Water Chemistries. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents (2026)

https://aocs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jsde.70050

September 4, 2025

Performance Study of a Novel Modified Alkylpolyglucoside Towards the Enhancement of Apatite Beneficiation

Publications

Formulators will often blend fatty acids together to achieve mineral hydrophobization and control the flotation kinetics. However, fatty acids are rarely used without the assistance of surfactants. Surfactants can contribute to performance stability in varying water conditions, build and control froth properties, and be the key to a successful beneficiation plant. A novel alkylpolyglucoside (Mod APG, Cola®Float 1500) type surfactant was developed and investigated on its enhancement of the flotation properties of a standard fatty acid collector with the goal of improving apatite grade/recovery from two mine sites, versus the more traditional Alkyl Sulfate surfactant. The mechanism leading to successful flotation was explored, and both chelation value and CMC were discovered to be important attributes in ensuring a balanced and successful process.

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Cited:

Moore, L.R., Barker, C. & Avello, Z. Performance study of a novel modified alkylpolyglucoside towards the enhancement of apatite beneficiation. Discov. Miner. 2, 4 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44346-025-00008-1

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44346-025-00008-1

August 8, 2025

Endpoints Lacking Animal-Free Alternatives Under REACH and the Remaining Challenges

Publications

The European Union’s REACH regulation mandates comprehensive chemical testing to ensure human and environmental safety, prioritizing non-animal methods whenever possible. Despite significant advancements in alternative testing strategies, certain endpoints still require animal studies due to the lack of validated in vitro, ex vivo or in silico models. This paper examines these gaps by tonnage band, highlighting key areas where non-animal alternatives remain insufficient. Acute oral, dermal, and inhalation toxicity tests, repeated-dose toxicity studies as well as reproductive and developmental toxicity studies are among the endpoints that are still reliant on animal testing. While progress has been made in developing alternatives such as Defined Approaches (DAs) that may integrate physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modeling, these methods are not yet fully validated for regulatory acceptance. Continued investment in research, validation and international collaboration is essential to accelerate the validation and implementation of animal-free alternatives.

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Cited:

Barae Jomaa

Endpoints Lacking Animal-Free Alternatives Under REACH and the Remaining Challenges. Journal of the Netherlands Society of Toxicology 10 May 2025

https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.61833/JNST.2025.0001#aff1

May 27, 2025

Impact of Water Chemistry on Zwitterionic Foamers for Enhanced Oil Recovery

Publications
Oil & Gas

Selecting the correct surfactant for gas injection enhanced oil recovery is essential for optimal yield during the extraction. The surfactants assist in the retention and effectiveness of the gas being injected by manipulating volume and viscosity through the foam properties being generated. Selection of the right surfactant will determine the foam volume, bubble size, and overall rate of foam deterioration. Unfortunately, not every enhanced oil recovery (EOR) site around the world has access to the same water quality; thus, each site must face the challenges of varying water chemistry. This article presents the experimental work done to screen and rank three zwitterionic surfactant families by evaluating the foam properties and impact on interfacial tension with crude oil in varying water sources.

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Cited:

Lucas R. Moore, Christian Kemefa, Jordan Taylor, Gavin Erickson

Impact of Water Chemistry on Zwitterionic Foamers for Enhanced Oil Recovery. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents (2025)

https://aocs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jsde.12874

February 21, 2025

Novel APG Surfactant that Offers Robustness in Foam Properties to Varying Water Chemistries

Publications

Foaming properties go hand in hand with aesthetics and functionality, depending on the market. These properties are manipulated by manufacturers and formulators to achieve a specific goal from cleansing to mineral collection. These manipulations are typically achieved through surfactant chemistry. However, water chemistry is a variable that is not always put at the forefront when formulating for foam. Surfactants will respond differently to the pH, ionic strength, specific ions, or total suspended solids in the water matrix. This article studies the effect of foaming properties such as foam height, bubble count, and foam stability of three surfactants (Mod APG, SLES, and sulfosuccinamate) in different water chemistries (deionized, tap, salt, hard, and mining water). Mod APG has been proven to be a good foamer with a high tolerance to varying water chemistry.

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Cited:

Lucas R. Moore, Zechariah Avello, Jonathan Hardy

Novel APG Surfactant that Offers Robustness in Foam Properties to Varying Water Chemistries. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering (2025)

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43153-025-00546-3?utm_source=rct_congratemailt&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=nonoa_20250219&utm_content=10.1007%2Fs43153-025-00546-3

January 2, 2025

Novel Surfactants to Enhance Collectors for the Direct Flotation of Apatite

Publications

With the decline in mineral feed grades, mineral beneficiation will continue to face the challenge of economically obtaining high recoveries of industry specified quality mineral concentrates, while using lower quality feedstocks.  The collectors require an overhaul or an enhancement to ensure these challenges continue to be resolved.  One example that is facing this challenge is in the beneficiation of apatite, which is a dominant species in fertilizers around the world.  As the global population continues to grow, so does the demand on fertilizers to reduce the risk of food insecurities.  Thus, while the grade of the mineral feedstock is declining, the demand continues to be on the rise.  A novel alkyl polyglucoside (APG) type surfactant has been found to significantly increase the selectivity and recovery of apatite from low grade mineral feed, and this article presents the findings.

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Cited:

Moore L.R., Taylor, J.D., Hardy, J.

Novel Surfactants to Enhance Collectors for

the Direct Flotation of Apatite. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration (2024).

https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-024-01163-3

January 22, 2024

Novel Surfactants And Their Application As Universal Lubricity Aids

Publications
Industrial Lubricant Additives

The idea of using a lubricity aid to reduce friction between two substrates is a need for many industries.  With each varying substrate comes the complexity of understanding the mechanism of friction, thus how to manipulate it.  These variations have led to individual classes of chemistries for each industry, but there aren’t really any that are considered universally effective at reducing friction across the different industries.  Lubricity aids that can be applied in metal working, or in hair conditioning.  A novel alkyl polyglucoside type chemistry has been evaluated and found to be highly effective in both, and this article presents the findings:

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Cited:

Moore LR, Bryant GP,

Taylor J, McEnery M, Holtcamp TG, Boggs S.

Novel surfactants and their application as

universal lubricity aids. J Surfact Deterg. 2023.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jsde.12726